终于
zhōng yú · finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
先抓住这个知识点的感觉
“终于”是HSK3-4 表达场景中需要重点掌握的表达。学习时不要只背翻译，要同时掌握使用对象、常见搭配和语气。
English: This card teaches “终于” through context, examples, usage notes, common mistakes, and practice. Core meaning: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
字源与基础信息
zhōng yú
词汇卡 · finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
“终于”的核心是："终于"表示经过较长时间的等待或努力之后，某件事情最终发生了。。本卡把它放回HSK3-4 表达场景中，通过例句、辨析和练习帮助学生真正会用。
English: This card teaches “终于” through context, examples, usage notes, common mistakes, and practice. Core meaning: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
拆字理解
例句
搭配表格
| 常用搭配 | 用途 | 例句 | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| 终于到了 | 等待后到达 | 我们终于到了。 | finally arrived |
| 终于学会 | 努力后掌握 | 他终于学会了。 | finally learned |
| 终于明白 | 思考后理解 | 我终于明白了。 | finally understood |
| 终于完成 | 努力后完成 | 作业终于完成了。 | finally completed |
近义辨析
| 词语 | 英文解释 | 区别提示 | English note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 终于 | finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort) | 本卡核心表达，先掌握真实语境和常用搭配。 | This is the core expression of this card. Master its real context and common collocations first. |
语用提示
场景定位
先判断“终于”在HSK3-4 表达场景里解决什么问题：点名对象、表达态度、提出请求，还是说明结果。
English note: First identify what this expression does in context: naming an object, expressing attitude, making a request, or describing a result.
核心意义
把“终于”和整句一起理解，不只背英文翻译。重点观察它前后常跟什么词。
English note: Understand the expression inside the whole sentence, not only through an English translation. Notice the words that usually come before and after it.
输出练习
先跟读 4 个例句，再换一个人、地点或动作，用“终于”说自己的句子。
English note: Repeat the four examples first, then change the person, place, or action and make your own sentence.
常见偏误
错：把“终于”用在任何场景。
对：先判断对象和语境，再使用“终于”。
词语和语法都有固定语境，不能只按英文直译。
Avoid “把“终于”用在任何场景。”. A more natural form is “先判断对象和语境，再使用“终于”。”. This card teaches “终于” through context, examples, usage notes, common mistakes, and practice. Core meaning: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
错：只背“终于”的英文意思。
对：同时记住“终于”的搭配、语序和语气。
学习卡目标是会用，不只是知道翻译。
Avoid “只背“终于”的英文意思。”. A more natural form is “同时记住“终于”的搭配、语序和语气。”. This card teaches “终于” through context, examples, usage notes, common mistakes, and practice. Core meaning: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
错：说句子时漏掉“终于”前后的必要成分。
对：按照例句观察完整结构，再替换关键词。
完整句子比单个词更能帮助学生掌握真实用法。
Avoid “说句子时漏掉“终于”前后的必要成分。”. A more natural form is “按照例句观察完整结构，再替换关键词。”. This card teaches “终于” through context, examples, usage notes, common mistakes, and practice. Core meaning: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort)
词族
练习：识别 → 理解 → 应用 → 创造
他练习了两年钢琴，______能弹一首完整的曲子了。 He practiced piano for two years and ______ can play a complete piece.
等了两个小时，公共汽车______来了！ After waiting two hours, the bus ______ came!
找出错误：终于他通过了考试，大家都很高兴。 Find the error: "Finally he passed the exam, everyone was happy."
我说他一定会来，他______来了。（结果和我预期的一样） I said he would definitely come, and he ______ came. (The result matched my prediction.)
"终于"可以用于描述日常习惯，比如"我终于每天喝水"。 "终于" can describe daily habits, e.g. "I finally drink water every day." True or false?
你找工作找了半年，今天收到了录用通知。你会说： You searched for a job for 6 months and today received an offer. You say:
经过三年的努力，她______实现了自己的梦想。 After three years of effort, she ______ achieved her dream.
翻译成中文，用"终于"： "After waiting for two hours, the doctor finally saw me." （提示：等了两个小时，医生，看病）
下面哪个句子用"终于"最自然？ Which sentence uses 终于 most naturally?
阅读对话，选择最合适的回答： A: 你的签证申请怎么样了？ B: 申请了三个月，______批下来了！ A: How is your visa application? B: Applied for three months, ______ it was approved!
听到或看到“我们终于到了。”时，这句话最接近哪个意思？
你要表达“We finally arrived.”，下面哪一句最自然？
根据语境补全：我们______到了。
把下面汉字排成一个自然句子。意思提示：He finally learned this grammar point.
哪一句需要修改？提示：词语和语法都有固定语境，不能只按英文直译。
记忆钩子
把“终于”放进HSK3-4 表达场景记忆：先听例句，再替换人物、地点或动作说自己的句子。
English note: Use this memory hook to connect the expression with a real situation: finally · at last · eventually (after a long wait or much effort).