Module 04 · 理解问答

5道递进式理解题

先自写答案 · 点击💡提示 · 点击✓查看参考答案

📖 答题建议:先仔细阅读问题,思考后用中文写下你的回答,再点击"💡 提示"获取线索,最后点击"✓ 查看答案"核对参考答案。
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场景对话一 · Dialogue 1
中文课堂

问题:老师问大家有什么要求——这里"什么"是什么用法?学生说"除了第三题以外,其他题都完成了"——这是哪种"除了"句型?

The teacher asked if everyone had any requirements — what usage is "什么" here? The student said "besides the third question, we completed all others" — which "除了" pattern is this?

💡 线索:老师说"有什么要求吗"——去掉"什么"意思变了吗?学生说"除了第三题以外,其他题都完成了"——用的是"都"还是"还"?这是排除法还是补充法?
老师说"有什么要求吗"——这里"什么"是虚指用法,不是真正的疑问词,去掉"什么"意思基本不变,但加上"什么"语气更客气委婉。学生说"除了第三题以外其他题我们完成了"——这是排除法(除了…以外,都…),用"都"表示排除第三题后,其余题全部完成了。
The teacher said "有什么要求吗" — here "什么" is a polite indefinite usage, not a real question word. Removing "什么" doesn't change the basic meaning, but adding it makes the tone more polite. The student said "除了第三题以外,其他题我们都完成了" — this is the exclusive pattern (除了…以外,都…), using 都 to indicate that except for the third question, ALL others were completed.
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场景对话二 · Dialogue 2
网络生活

问题:阿强上网除了看新闻以外还做什么?小明每天花多少时间练习听力?他们用了哪种"除了"句型?

Besides reading news online, what else does Aqiang do? How much time does Xiaoming spend practicing listening every day? Which "除了" pattern did they use?

💡 线索:阿强说"除了看新闻以外,还喜欢___"——这是补充法还是排除法?小明说他每天"花"两个小时做什么?"花"在这里是什么词性?
阿强上网除了新闻以外喜欢给朋友电子邮件,方便极了。这是补充法(除了…以外,还…),用"还"表示在看新闻的基础上,补充了发邮件这个爱好。小明每天两个小时练习听力("花"是动词,表示花费时间)。他们都用了"除了…还…"的补充法句型。
Besides reading news online, Aqiang also likes sending emails to friends — extremely convenient. This is the inclusive pattern (除了…以外,还…), using 还 to add sending emails on top of reading news. Xiaoming spends two hours every day practicing listening (花 is a verb meaning "to spend" time). They both used the inclusive "除了…还…" pattern.
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场景对话三 · Dialogue 3
节日文化

问题:这个节日有什么特点?阿强对这个节日的感受是什么?"感兴趣极了"是什么语法结构?

What are the characteristics of this festival? How does Aqiang feel about this festival? What grammar structure is "感兴趣极了"?

💡 线索:小明说这个节日在"世界"上很有名,到时候"各"条"街道"都会怎样?"除了中国文化,还能体验___"——这是哪种句型?阿强说"感兴趣极了"——"极了"前面能加"很"吗?
这个节日世界上很有名,到时候街道都会非常热闹。除了中国文化能体验到来自世界地的不同文化(补充法:除了…还…)。阿强说"感兴趣极了"——这是"形容词/心理动词+极了"的程度表达,表示最高程度。注意:不能说"很感兴趣极了","极了"前面不能再加"很/非常"!
This festival is very famous in the world — every street will be extremely lively. Besides Chinese culture, you can also experience different cultures from all over the world (inclusive pattern: 除了…还…). Aqiang said "感兴趣极了" — this is the "adjective/psychological verb + 极了" degree expression, indicating the highest degree. Note: you cannot say "很感兴趣极了" — 极了 cannot be preceded by 很/非常!
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白话短文 · Narrative
综合理解

问题:在白话短文里,主角平时除了上网看新闻还做什么?他对留学生活有什么感受?用了哪些语法点?

In the narrative, besides reading news online, what else does the narrator do? How does he feel about his study-abroad life? Which grammar points were used?

💡 线索:主角说"除了上网看新闻,还___"——这是补充法。他说"除了第三题以外,其他题都___"——这是排除法。他感觉高兴"极了"——"极了"表示什么?
主角平时除了上网新闻时间完成练习练习句子(补充法:除了…还…)。老师要求他们注意每个句子除了第三题以外其他题都完成了(排除法:除了…都…)。他觉得高兴极了,因为汉语水平提高得很快。他还对其他国家的文化有了更深的了解。
The narrator usually, besides reading news online, also spends time completing exercises and practicing sentences (inclusive: 除了…还…). The teacher requires them to pay attention to every sentence — besides the third question, all others were completed (exclusive: 除了…都…). He feels extremely happy because his Chinese level is improving very quickly. He also gained a deeper understanding of other countries' cultures.
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综合 · Overall
创意应用

问题:请用"除了…以外,都…"造一个排除句,再用"除了…以外,还…"造一个补充句,并说明两者的区别。

Please make one exclusive sentence with "除了…以外,都…" and one inclusive sentence with "除了…以外,还…", and explain the difference between the two.

💡 线索:排除法(都)例子:除了第三题以外,其他题我们都完成了。补充法(还)例子:除了上网看新闻,我还喜欢发邮件。区别:都=排除A,其余全部相同;还=在A基础上,补充更多。
参考答案(排除法/都):除了小王以外,大家完成练习。/ 除了周日,他每天两个小时练习汉语。
参考答案(补充法/还):我除了上网新闻喜欢给朋友邮件。/ 除了中国文化能体验世界地的不同文化
⚠️ 区别:=排除A,其余全部相同(Exclusive);还/也=在A基础上,补充更多(Inclusive)。
Sample (exclusive/都): Besides Xiao Wang, everyone completed the exercises. / Except Sunday, he spends two hours every day practicing Chinese. Sample (inclusive/还): Besides reading news online, I also like sending emails to friends. / Besides Chinese culture, you can also experience different cultures from all over the world. ⚠️ Difference: 都 = exclusive (except A, ALL others share the same); 还/也 = inclusive (besides A, MORE is added).